Circunferencia de cintura en cuatro sitios y su relación con indicadores de obesidad en escolares de 6 a 11 años
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29059/cienciauat.v13i2.1057Palabras clave:
circunferencia de cintura, obesidad infantil, antropometría, escolaresResumen
La circunferencia de cintura abdominal (CC) se utiliza para evaluar obesidad infantil; para su medición, se emplean diferentes lugares pero aún no se ha demostrado la similitud o diferencia entre los valores obtenidos en cada zona. El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar el sitio de medición de la CC que mejor determine obesidad infantil, contrastada con indicadores de obesidad. Se midió la CC en cuatro lugares: 1) circunferencia mínima (CM); 2) circunferencia umbilical (CU); 3) circunferencia en el punto medio (CPM); y 4) circunferencia por arriba del borde superior de la cresta ilíaca (CCI); se determinaron la endomorfia (Endo), la suma proporcional de seis pliegues (SP6P) y el índice de masa corporal (IMC), como indicadores de sobrepeso u obesidad en 107 escolares de 6 a 11 años de edad. En niñas la CCI fue más alta que CM y CPM (P = 0.001 y 0.049 respectivamente) y CU mayor que CM (P = 0.025). Todos los sitios de medición de CC correlacionaron bien con los indicadores de obesidad (P = 0.001). La CCI fue el mejor lugar de medición de la CC para predecir sobrepeso u obesidad representada por Endo, SP6P e IMC (P = 0.001), por lo que es el sitio que mejor predice obesidad en edad escolar y parece evidenciar la presencia de dimorfismo sexual en niñas; debido a ello, los sitios de medición de circunferencia de cintura no deben ser intercambiables, ya que esta identificación ayudaría a generar un mejor diagnóstico de obesidad y riesgo cardiometabólico en niños y niñas en etapa de la pubertad.
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