Función del magnesio en la salud mental: revisión de la evidencia sobre la depresión, ansiedad, sueño y cognición
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29059/cienciauat.v20i2.2070Palabras clave:
magnesio, salud mental, depresión, ansiedad, declive cognitivoResumen
El magnesio a nivel del sistema nervioso central, desempeña funciones cruciales en la transmisión sináptica y la modulación de neurotransmisores. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue analizar la evidencia científica actual sobre el papel del magnesio en la salud mental y su relación con trastornos y tratamientos de alteraciones mentales. La metodología de la presente revisión narrativa se basó en la búsqueda de información en las bases de datos PubMed y ScienceDirect, abarcando el periodo de febrero de 2015 a agosto de 2025, complementada con un rastreo retrospectivo de referencias usando Google Académico como apoyo. Se seleccionaron e incluyeron 65 artículos (estudios clínicos y revisiones) que evaluaron el impacto del mineral en la depresión, ansiedad, sueño y cognición, como también un documento técnico del Instituto Nacional del Cáncer y otro documento técnico del Instituto Nacional de Salud. La literatura demuestra una asociación entre la deficiencia de magnesio con el desarrollo de depresión, ansiedad, trastornos del sueño y deterioro cognitivo, mientras que su suplementación muestra efectos beneficiosos en la prevención y tratamiento de estas alteraciones. En conjunto, el magnesio representa una estrategia complementaria prometedora en el abordaje de la salud mental, respaldado por su capacidad para modular vías neurobiológicas clave; sin embargo, se requieren dosis estandarizadas para optimizar su uso clínico.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
Aceptado 2026-08-19
Publicado 2026-08-25

