Association of RGB vegetation indices with yield and nitrogen dose in bread wheat
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29059/cienciauat.v19i2.1925Keywords:
bread wheat, yield, nitrogen fertilization, vegetation indices, orthophotosAbstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is an industrial crop of primary importance for Mexico, selfsufficient in the production of durum wheat, but with a deficit of 5 200 000 T of bread wheat per year. This problem is multifactorial, some of the most important components are the difference between current and potential yield, as well as poormanagement of nitrogen fertilization. The objective of this research was to determine if there is a significant correlation between Vegetation Indices estimated from visible light orthophotos with the yield and nitrogen needs of bread wheat to complement or replace the NDVI indices obtained with the Greenseeker™ infrared sensor, and thus contribute to the rational nutrition of plants. For this purpose, the Alondra F2014 variety was grown in Celaya, Guanajuato, Mexico and six nitrogen fertilization treatments were applied (0 kg/ha to 300 kg/ha of nitrogen, in increments of 60 kg) under a randomized complete block design with three repetitions, during the FW 2021-2022 and FW 2022-2023 crop cycles. The estimated variables were grain yield, the GLI, TGI, VARI, GRVI and RGBVI vegetation indices, calculated on orthophotos constructed from images obtained by an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, and the NDVI indices as a control, measured with the GreenSeeker™ sensor; all of them were estimated weekly from 20 d after sowing and until physiological maturity. The results show high correlation coefficients, ≥ 0.90 between all variables, and high coefficients of determination average at the tillage stage from 0.80 to 0.91 between RGB and NDVI indices and (R2) ≥ 0.86 between VIV indices and yield. Therefore, VIV indices, especially VARI, can be used instead of NDVI as a tool to efficiently identify crop needs.
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