Estructuras G-cuádruples en genomas virales: prometedoras dianas moleculares para fines terapéuticos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29059/cienciauat.v20i2.2052Palabras clave:
G-cuádruples, virus de humanos, genomas, antivirales, dianas molecularesResumen
Las G-cuádruples (G4s) son estructuras secundarias de ácidos nucleicos presentes en todos los reinos biológicos. En humanos, han sido identificadas principalmente en los telómeros y en los promotores de oncogenes. En virus, las G4s han sido evidenciadas en genomas de ADN y ARN, aunque su relevancia funcional en los procesos infectivos y de patogénesis permanece escasamente caracterizada. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue dar a conocer el estado del arte actual de las estructuras G4s en virus, abarcando su identificación, características estructurales, interactores (proteínas virales y celulares), y su implicación en la regulación del ciclo viral. La evidencia actual demuestra que las estructuras G4s están presentes en todos los grupos de la clasificación de Baltimore y participan en la regulación de procesos esenciales, como la replicación, transcripción y traducción de proteínas. Los hallazgos científicos posicionan a las G4s como prometedoras dianas moleculares con miras a ser consideradas como una opción innovadora y viable para fines terapéuticos.
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