Propiedades y opciones para valorizar el lactosuero de la quesería artesanal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29059/cienciauat.v14i1.1134Palabras clave:
lactosuero, subproducto, co-producto, valorización, productos lácteosResumen
El lactosuero posee una gran cantidad de los componentes de la leche, sin embargo, una alta proporción del volumen generado se sigue tirando, provocando pérdida de nutrientes y problemas de contaminación. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue proveer información sobre las propiedades nutricionales, funcionales y biológicas del lactosuero, generado por la industria quesera artesanal, así como evidencias científicas recientes que sustentan, bajo distintos enfoques tecnológicos, el potencial de aprovechamiento, mediante su transformación o recuperación para adicionarle valor. Las oportunidades en la valorización del lactosuero, a través de la elaboración de diversos productos lácteos, como el requesón (queso de suero), bebidas fermentadas o con frutas, bebidas para deportistas, bebidas alcohólicas, mantequilla de suero, dulces, helados y paletas, reflejan el nicho de oportunidades para hacer la industria quesera artesanal más redituable. El cambio de paradigmas en los productores artesanales, en percibir al lactosuero como una fuente de co-productos para su recuperación, transformación y reincorporación a sus procesos, acorde a las capacidades tecnológicas de dicha industria, y no como un subproducto, reduciría las pérdidas de componentes de alto valor (e.g., proteína, lípidos y azúcares), trayendo consigo efectos benéficos, tanto ambientales como económicos.
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