Flexibility strategies and their relationship with workplace environment, dedication and intellectual challenge

Authors

  • Sergio Madero-Gómez Tecnológico de Monterrey, Escuela de Negocios, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México.
  • Oscar Eliud Ortiz-Mendoza Tecnológico de Monterrey, EGADE Business School, Rufino Tamayo y Eugenio, Avenida Eugenio Garza Lagüera, Valle Oriente, San Pedro Garza García, Nuevo León, México, C. P. 66269.
  • Eva María Guerra-Leal Tecnológico de Monterrey, Escuela de Negocios, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29059/cienciauat.v15i2.1462

Keywords:

flexibility, workplace environment, dedication, intellectual challenge, human resources

Abstract

Currently, there are many companies in the world that have been integrating flexibility strategies as an important part in the human resources processes, mainly as an additional component of their emotional salary. The aim of this research is to understand the correlation between job flexibility and dedication, intellectual challenge and the work environment that people perceive in their workplace. A quantitative research was carried out during November 2018. An online questionnaire of 38 items was administered to a sample of 282 Mexican workers from the city of Monterrey, Nuevo León in Mexico. Findings indicate that 95.4 % of interviewees showed an interest for at least one of the flexible work variants. The open space work modality was the least desirable with a 7.8 % preference. A positive correlation between work environment and a positive balance due to flexible work was found. The working environment similarly showed a high positive correlation with dedication and intellectual challenge. The foregoing findings are of interest to the current context for human resource strategies and the business environment.

References

Albion, M. J. (2004). A measure of attitudes towards flexible work options. Australian Journal of Management. 29(2): 275-294. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/031289620402900207

Alcaraz-Ibáñez, M., Cren-Chiminazzo, J. G., Sicilia, Á., and Teixeira-Fernandes, P. (2017). Examining the psychometric properties of the Body Appreciation Scale-2 in Brazilian adolescents. Psychology, Society, & Education. 9(3): 505-515. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25115/psye.v9i3.1101

Añez-Hernández, C. (2016). Flexibilidad laboral: ¿fin del trabajo permanente? Telos: Revista de Estudios Interdisciplinarios en Ciencias Sociales. 18(2): 250-265. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36390/telos182.06

Aquije-Niño-de-Guzmán, C. P. (2018). Home office como estrategia para la motivación y eficiencia organizacional. Palermo Business Review. (18): 337-351.

Arancibia-Fernández, F. (2011). Flexibilidad laboral: Elementos teóricos-conceptuales para su análisis. Revista de Ciencias Sociales. (26): 39-55.

Armijo, G. L. (2018). Las políticas de conciliación de la vida familiar y laboral en España y sus avances en la equidad de género. Revista Interdisciplinaria de Estudios de Género de El Colegio de México. (4): 1-29. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24201/eg.v4i0.183

Barney, C. E. and Elias, S. M. (2010). Flex-time as a moderator of the job stress-work motivation relationship: A three nation investigation. Personnel Review. 39(4): 487-502. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/00483481011045434

Barzilay, R., Moore, T. M., Greenberg, D. M., DiDomenico, G. E., Brown, L. A., White, L. K., …, and Gur, R. E. (2020). Resilience, COVID-19-related stress, anxiety and depression during the pandemic in a large population enriched for healthcare providers. Translational Psychiatry. 10(291): 1-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-020-00982-4

Bhalla, J. (2015). Impact of Flexible Work Arrangements on Productivity in Indian IT Sector: A Study. IPE Journal of Management. 6(1): 80-104.

Contreras, O. (2000). Los estudios de la flexibilidad laboral en México: algunas observaciones críticas. Estudios Sociológicos. 18(54): 727-735.

De-la-Cruz, P. M., Resendiz, C. J., Romero, P. A. y Domínguez, A. G. (2017). Adaptación y validación mexicana de la UTRETCH work engagement scale, versión para estudiantes. Psicología Iberoamericana. 25(2): 35-43. DOI: https://doi.org/10.48102/pi.v25i2.104

Deloitte (2017). Flexibilidad, el atractivo laboral más valorado. [En línea]. Disponible en: https://www2.deloitte.com/mx/es/pages/dnoticias/articles/flexibilidad-laboral.html. Fecha de consulta: 20 de septiembre de 2019.

Dollard, M. F. and Bakker, A. B. (2010). Psychosocial safety climate as a precursor to conducive work environments, psychological health problems, and employee engagement. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology. 83(3): 579-599. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1348/096317909X470690

Eaton, S. C. (2003). If you can use them: Flexibility policies, organizational commitment, and perceived performance. Industrial Relations: A Journal of Economy and Society. 42(2): 145-167. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-232X.00285

Fílardí, F., Castro, R. M. P., and Zaníní, M. T. F. (2020). Advantages and disadvantages of teleworking in Brazilian public administration: analysis of SERPRO and Federal Revenue experiences. Cadernos EBAPE. BR. 18(1): 28-46. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1679-395174605x

Flores-Jiménez, C., Fernández-Arata, M., Juárez-García, A., Merino-Soto, C. y Guimet-Castro, M. (2015). Entusiasmo por el trabajo (engagement): un estudio de validez en profesionales de la docencia en Lima, Perú. Liberabit. 21(2): 195-206.

Gabinil, S. (2016). Trabajo Flexible: Conceptualización y estado del arte del constructo. Investigación Administrativa. 46(118). DOI: https://doi.org/10.35426/IAv45n118.05

Giannikis, S. K. and Mihail, D. M. (2011). Flexible work arrangements in Greece: A study of employee perceptions. The International Journal of Human Resource Management. 22(2): 417-432. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2011.540163

Glauber, R. (2011). Limited access: Gender, occupational composition, and flexible work scheduling. The Sociological Quarterly. 52(3): 472-494. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1533-8525.2011.01215.x

Grobler, P. A. and de-Bruyn, A. J. (2011). Flexible work practices (FWP) - an effective instrument in the retention of talent: A survey of selected JSE-listed companies. South African Journal of Business Management. 42(4): 63-78. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v42i4.506

Grzywacz, J., Carlson, D., and Shulkin, S. (2008). Schedule flexibility and stress: Linking formal flexible arrangements and perceived flexibility to employee health. Community, Work and Family. 11(2): 199-214. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13668800802024652

Halpern, D. (2005). How time-flexible work policies can reduce stress, improve health, and save money. Stress and Health. 21(3): 157- 168. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.1049

Hall, L. and Atkinson, C. (2006). Improving working lives: Flexible working and the role of employee control. Employee Relations. 28(4): 374-386. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/01425450610673420

Hill, J. E., Grzywacz, J. G., Allen, S., Blanchard, V. L., Matz-Costa, C., Shulkin, S., and Pitt-Catsouphes, M. (2008). Defining and conceptualizing workplace flexibility. Community, Work and Family. 11(2): 149-163. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13668800802024678

Hoyos, J. E., Restrepo, L. S. y Mejía, S. E. (2005). Sistema de compensación variable para empresas del sector de alimentos. Scientia et Technical. 11(29): 63-68.

Ibarra-Cisneros, M. y González-Torres, L. (2010). La flexibilidad laboral como estrategia de competitividad y sus efectos sobre la economía, la empresa y el mercado de trabajo. Contaduría y Administración. 231: 33-52. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22201/fca.24488410e.2010.248

Kaduk, A., Genadek, K., Kelly, E. L., and Moen, P. (2019). Involuntary vs. voluntary flexible work: insights for scholars and stakeholders. Community, Work & Family. 22(4): 412-442. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13668803.2019.1616532

Lakshmi, M. (2020). Influence of Employees’ Perception on the use of flexible work arrangements. International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research. 9(3): 4135-4142.

Luján-Tangarife, J. y Cardona-Arias, J. (2015). Construcción y validación de escalas de medición en salud: revisión de propiedades psicométricas. Archivos de Medicina. 11(3:1): 1-10.

Madero-Gómez, S. M. y Barboza, G. A. (2015). Interrelación de la cultura, flexibilidad laboral, alineación estratégica, innovación y rendimiento empresarial. Contaduría y Administración. 60(4): 735-756. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cya.2014.08.001

Madero-Gómez, S., Ortiz, O., Ramírez, J., and Olivas-Luján, M. (2020). Stress and myths related to the COVID-19 pandemic´s effects on remote work. Management Research, Journal of the Iberoamerican Academy of Management. 18(4): 401-420. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/MRJIAM-06-2020-1065

Mak, C. M. and Lui, Y. P. (2012). The effect of sound on office productivity. Building Services Engineering Research & Technology. 33(3): 339-345. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0143624411412253

Martín-Fiorino, V. y Reyes, G. (2020). Desafíos y nuevos escenarios gerenciales como parte de la herencia del Covid-19. Revista Venezolana de Gerencia. 25(90): 710-722. DOI: https://doi.org/10.37960/rvg.v25i90.32413

McNall, L. A., Nicklin, J. M., and Masuda, A. D. (2010). A meta-analytic review of the consequences associated with work–family enrichment. Journal of Business and Psychology. 25(3): 381-396. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-009-9141-1

Méndez-Sosa, M., Rodríguez-Pichardo, O., Osorio-García, M. y Salgado-Vega, M. (2013). La flexibilidad laboral en el sector turístico en México: Una interpretación teórica. Estudios y Perspectivas en Turismo. 22(4): 705-728.

Muñoz-Araya, V. y Mayta-Tristán, P. (2017). Balance trabajo-vida: un nuevo indicador del bienestar de profesionales de la salud. Revista Médica de Chile. 145(10): 1361-1362. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4067/S0034-98872017001001361

Nakrošienė, A., Bučiūnienė, I., and Goštautaitė, B. (2019). Working from home: characteristics and outcomes of telework. International Journal of Manpower. 40(1): 87-101. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJM-07-2017-0172

Njiru, P. M., Kiambati, K., and Kamau, A. (2015). The influence of flexible work practices on employee performance in public sector in the ministry of interior and coordination of national government, Embu County. Scholars Bulletin. 1(4): 102-106.

Ovando-Aldana, W., Román-Sánchez, Y. y Salgado-Vega, M. (2018). Trabajo a tiempo parcial y desigualdad salarial en la industria manufacturera en México (2005-2015). Ciencia ergo-sum. 25(3). DOI: https://doi.org/10.30878/ces.v25n3a3

Pérez-Perea, L., Soler-Cárdenas, S. y Díaz-Hernández, L. (2009). Ambiente laboral en los policlínicos universitarios. Educación Médica Superior. 23(2): 1-18.

Pérez-Pérez, G. (2002). Flexibilidad laboral y modernización de las condiciones generales de trabajo en México de 1996 a 2000: análisis de una revisión de contratos colectivos de trabajo efectuada por la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social. Contaduría y Administración. 204: 33-53.

Román-Sánchez, Y. y Ovando-Aldana, W. (2016). Flexibilidad laboral de la población ocupada: un análisis espacial en México, 2005 y 2014. Revista Sociedad y Economía. 31: 193-213. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25100/sye.v0i31.3894

Ronen, S. (1981). Flexible working hours: An innovation in the quality of work life. New York, NY: Ed. McGraw-Hill Companies. 353 Pp.

Schaufeli, W. B., Salanova, M., González-Romá, V., and Bakker, A. B. (2002). The measurement of engagement and burnout: A two sample confirmatory factor analytic approach. Journal of Happiness Studies. 3(1): 71-92. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015630930326

Shagvaliyeva, S. and Yazdanifard, R. (2014). Impact of flexible working hours on work- life balance. American Journal of Industrial and Business Management. 4(1): 20-23. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4236/ajibm.2014.41004

Soane, E., Truss, C., Alfes, K., Shantz, A., Rees, C., and Gatenby, M. (2012). Development and application of a new measure of employee engagement: the ISA Engagement Scale. Human Resource Development International. 15(5): 529-547. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13678868.2012.726542

Soberanes, L. y De-la-Fuente, A. (2009). El clima y el compromiso organizacional en las organizaciones. Revista Internacional la Nueva Gestión Organizacional. 9: 120- 127.

Stavrou, E. and Kilaniotis, C. (2010). Flexible work and turnover: An empirical investigation across cultures. British Journal of Management. 21(2): 541-554. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8551.2009.00659.x

Trigueros, R., Sicilia, A., Alcaraz-Ibáñez, M. y Dumitru, D. (2017). Adaptación y validación española de la escala revisada del locus percibido de causalidad (PLOC-R) en educación física. Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte. 17(1): 25-32.

Ugargol, J. D. and Patrick, H. A. (2018). The relationship of workplace flexibility to employee engagement among information technology employees in India. South Asian Journal of Human Resources Management. 5(1): 40-55. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/2322093718767469

Werther, Jr. W., Davis, K. y Guzmán, P. (2019). Administración del Capital Humano. (Octava edición). México: Ed. McGraw-Hill. 454 Pp.

Published

2021-01-30

How to Cite

Madero-Gómez, S., Ortiz-Mendoza, O. E., & Guerra-Leal, E. M. (2021). Flexibility strategies and their relationship with workplace environment, dedication and intellectual challenge. CienciaUAT, 15(2), 122–134. https://doi.org/10.29059/cienciauat.v15i2.1462

Issue

Section

Social Science

Similar Articles

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.