Genetic markers, detection and use as a screening tool in cattle. What is being done in Tamaulipas?
Keywords:
Genetic markers, quantitative trait locus, tool in cattle.Abstract
DNA molecule responsible for heredity, has been the subject of many studies resulting in the emergence of biological disciplines such as genomics, because this has been done to better understand the central dogma of molecular biology. In the DNA are genes, and all of these genes is called “genome.” In recent years several projects have been initiated to study the genomes of multiple species (including human). In this regard, one of the animal species used in animal production in which they have made progress in genomics is the bovine, the project called “bovine genome” have resulted in significant advances in the understanding of its genome, through this project has identified some of the genes responsible for production traits like quality of meat and milk; plus this, also has to know its location within the DNA (loci) and thus have a kind of mark (marker) also called genetic or molecular marker. The importance of the markers (loci) is that they can be tracked both parents and in their progeny, which can determine polymorphic differences that influence the phenotypic changes among individuals within and between generations, these changes are very important for technical animal breeding because it allows you to identify those individuals who are more productive in animal populations. When a marker was found to be associated with the presence of a productive feature becomes a powerful tool for animal selection when used maximizes the genetic progress for the characteristics of productive and economic interest. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to disseminate the practical importance of using molecular markers to identify superior animals known as MAS and to know what the work being carried out there on Tamaulipas.References
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