Diabetic foot infections: concepts and general consensus

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes is a serious illness and a major cause of morbidity mortality. It is the main cause for terminal renal failure, amputations of lower limbs and blindness in adults. Diabetic foot includes a combination of ulcer, infection and gangrene in different levels. It is one of the most incapacitating complications of diabetes. Infections in patients with diabetic foot are common, complex deal with, expensive, and it commonly leads to amputation. The microbiota of infections in diabetic foot is generally complex. In first time infections Gram positive aerobic bacteria such as S. aureus , including S. aureusmeticillin resistant (MRSA) and beta hemolytic streptococci including groups B, C, and G predominate. Chronic wounds in diabetic food are caused by se- veral different groups of bacteria, including Gram positive, Gram negative aerobic bacteria, as well as anaerobes. At present there are no standardized protocols for treatment of diabetic foot infections. Current treatments are based on expert opinion and consensus. This paper reviews current concepts and consensus.